WONDERFUL WORLD OF ANIMALS

WONDERFUL WORLD OF ANIMALS

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WONDERFUL WORLD OF ANIMALS:

WONDERFUL WORLD OF ANIMALS:

WONDERFUL WORLD OF ANIMALS

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God has created so many different types of animals! They are of different shapes and sizes and types. Some are small and some are big. Some are so small that we need a microscope to see them. Some are really big like the blue whale.

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Domestic and Farm Animals Animals like horses, cows , mules, sheep, fishes, etc. are farm animals . They not only provide us with meat , milk, eggs, wool etc. but also help in heavy work. Dogs, cats , birds and other animals that live with us in our homes are domestic animals . They depend on human for food , water and shelter.

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I guard your house. I give you wool. I give you silk thread. I give you honey. I give you milk. I give you eggs. I plough your field. I am a farmer’s friend. I make the soil good for crops

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Wild Animals Wild animals live in the jungle. We can also see them in the zoo. Zoo is the short form of Zoological Garden . The first zoo was started by a Chinese king. The cheetah is the fastest animals . It can run at a sped of 70 miles per hour.

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Aquatic Animals and Amphibians Animals that Live in Water are known as aquatic animals. Animals that can live both in water and on land are known as amphibians.

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Birds Birds are animals that usually fly and lay eggs. Migratory birds come to India from Siberia and different parts of the world.

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Insects Insects are also animals. They are tiny and found everywhere. Most insects have the following parts : wings, six legs, feelers, head, mouth, thorax and abdomen

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Material for building houses and Types of houses

Material for building houses ...

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Materials For Building Houses

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Fabric The circular yurt The conical teepee

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low clay soil is usually associated with sod building. The other main ingredients include more or less sand / gravel  and straw/grasses. Mud and clay Larger amounts of clay usually mean using the cob/adobe style

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Thatch Thatch is one of the oldest of building materials known; grass is a good insulator and easily harvested.

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Rock Circular huts were constructed from loose granite rocks throughout the Neolithic and early Bronze Age, and the remains of an estimated 5,000 can still be seen today. Rock structures have existed for as long as history can recall. It is the longest lasting building material available, and is usually readily available. Slate is another stone type ,used as roofingmaterial in the United Kingdom and other parts of the world where it is found . Mostly stone buildings such as the Pyramids in Egypt, the Aztec pyramids and the remains of the Inca civilization.

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KILN WORKERS A brick is a rectangular block of clay baked in the sun or in specially made ovens called a kiln. Brick

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Glass Glass "curtain walls" can be used to cover the entire facade of a building, or it can be used to span over a wide roof structure in a "space frame ". Glassmaking is considered an art form as well as an industrial process or material.

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Foam synthetic polystyrene or polyurethanefoam has been used in combination with structural materials, such as concrete. It is light weight, easily shaped and an excellent insulator.

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Metal . Steel is a metal alloy whose major component is iron, and is the usual choice for metal structural building materials. It is strong, flexible, and if refined well and/or treated lasts a long time. Corrosion is metal's prime enemy when it comes to longevity . Metal is used as structural framework for larger buildings such as skyscrapers, or as an external surface covering

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Cement composites Cement bonded composites are made of hydrated cement paste that binds wood or alike particles or fibers to make pre-cast building components. Various fiberous materials including paper and fiberglass have been used as binders.

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Plastic The general uniformity of composition and lightness of plastics ensures their use in almost all industrial applications today.

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Ice ice was used by the Inuit for igloos

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Brush Brush structures are built entirely from plant parts and are generally found in tropical and sub-tropical areas, such as rainforests, where very large leaves can be used in the building.

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IMPORTANT FACTORS IN BUILDING A HOUSE Climate Availability of material Special needs of a place

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OCCUPATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH BUILDING Architect Plumber Electrician Bricklayer

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Eco-friendly green brick Brick that is made by using waste products of coal power plant. It is green in colour and is called GREEN BRICK. It was founded by a retired engineer Henry Liu. Use solar energy for heating the building during winters. Have greater ventilation and cross ventilation for sunlight and fresh air. Use locally available material for construction. It saves the cost of transportation and reduces pollution.

DINOSAURS

DINOSAUR

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DINOSAUR:

DINOSAUR

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When did dinosaurs live? It is through that the first dinosaurs lived around 230 million years ago. They roamed the Earth for the next 165 million years, before becoming extinct about 65 millions years ago. Humans haven’t been around for 2millions years yet!

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Where did the dinosaurs live? Dinosaurs lived all over the world. At that time ,the weather was much hotter than it is today. There were plants such as ferns, mosses and large evergreen trees.

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Many dinosaurs ate plants. Plateosaurus grew up to 8 metres (or meter) long. It grabbed branches with the hooks on its thumbs and nibbled at the tastiest leaves.

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Riojasaurus was a gaint dinosaur that measured 10 metres from head to tail. Big dino could fight off enemies like Rutiodon a big crocodile that lived at that time.

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Dinosaur teeth were different sizes. Meat eaters like Tyrannosaurus Rex needed large , sharp and pointed teeth ,each tooth measured up to 15 centimeters for tearing flesh. It was the scariest dinosaurs. Baryonyx had small ,pointed , cone shaped teeth, they were good at grabbing slippery food like Fish. Did all dinos have teeth ? – No, not all dinos needed teeth. Ornithomimus had a beak-shaped mouth without teeth. The bird like dinosaur probably pecked at seeds, worms and bugs. Scientists look at dinosaur teeth and can work out about the type of food the dinosaur ate .

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The biggest dinosaurs , called Sauropods were enormous . Each one weigh as much as ten elephants. Brachiosaurus was one of the largest dinosaurs that ever lived and was 25 metres long. It was twice as tall as giraffe. The biggest dinosaurs ever discovered is Argentinosaurus . It had huge body but a small head and brain. It was about 40 metres from head to tail

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Some dinosaurs could run very fast upto 80 kilometers per hour . Ornithomimus could run fast because it had slim body ,thin legs, long and hollow bones. Large dinos were often slower because of their heavy bodies but Muttaburrasaurus was a big dino that may run fast.

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Dinosaurs needed to protect themselves from enemies . Some dinosaurs had great pieces of bone over their bodies. It protected their soft bodies underneath. Euoplocephalus had a tail that was strengthened with lumps of bone, it could hit attacker and used to protect themselves. Triceratops was a plant eater and it used it three horns to frighten away attackers.

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Dinosaurs Babies Dinosaurs laid eggs, just like birds , lizards do today. Protoceratops was a small dinosaur, the size of a pig. It lived in the desert. The female made a bowl-shaped nest in warm sand and laid her eggs inside it. Some dinos did look after their babies Maiasaura collected food for its newly hatched young and fed it to them.

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Some Dinosaurs lived alone , but many lived in groups, or herds. Velociraptor was a fast runner and meat eater lived in packs. It is believed that some dinosaurs have feathers, large eyes ,beaks as they have changed [evolved ] over time and became the very first birds on Earth . They even laid eggs and ate insects.

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About 65 million years ago the dinosaurs suddenly died / became extinct. May be volcanoes erupted , spitting out enormous clouds of ash and poisonous gas. May be a large lump of rock from space smashed into the Earth. These things can change the weather , so perhaps the dinos died because it got too cold for them.

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How do scientists find dinosaur fossils? Scientists look in places where layers of rock and soil have been removed by wind or water. The remains of animals and plants that lived long ago are called fossils. These remains are bones, teeth, eggs and footprints that have turned to rock over millions of years. New dinosaurs such as Jobaria and Janenschia have been found in Africa. Could Dinos ever come back to life? Its unlikely that dnos will ever walk the Earth again. However scientists are still finding uncover facts .

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Geeta Singh